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S.B. 60
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CONSUMER REPORTS - PROTECTION OF
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ACCURACY OF INFORMATION
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2000 GENERAL SESSION
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STATE OF UTAH
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Sponsor: Gene Davis
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AN ACT RELATING TO COLLECTION AGENCIES; DEFINING TERMS; REQUIRING
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CERTAIN DISCLOSURES TO CONSUMERS; ADDRESSING PROCESS TO RESOLVE
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DISPUTES; AND ADDRESSING PENALTIES.
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This act affects sections of Utah Code Annotated 1953 as follows:
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ENACTS:
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12-2-101, Utah Code Annotated 1953
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12-2-102, Utah Code Annotated 1953
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12-2-103, Utah Code Annotated 1953
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12-2-104, Utah Code Annotated 1953
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12-2-105, Utah Code Annotated 1953
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Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:
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Section 1.
Section
12-2-101
is enacted to read:
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CHAPTER 2. CONSUMER REPORT PROTECTION ACT
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12-2-101. Title.
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This chapter is known as the "Consumer Report Protection Act."
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Section 2.
Section
12-2-102
is enacted to read:
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12-2-102. Definitions.
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As used in this chapter:
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(1) "Consumer" means a natural person residing in Utah.
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(2) (a) "Consumer report" means any written, oral, or other communication or any
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information by a consumer reporting agency:
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(i) bearing on a consumer's creditworthiness, credit standing, credit capacity, debts,
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character, general reputation, personal characteristics, or mode of living; and
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(ii) that is used or expected to be used or collected, in whole or in part:
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(A) as a factor to establish a consumer's eligibility for credit or insurance to be used for
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personal, family, or household purposes;
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(B) employment purposes; or
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(C) any other purpose authorized pursuant to 15 U.S.C. 1681a and 1681b.
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(b) "Consumer report" does not mean:
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(i) a report containing information solely as to a transaction between the consumer and the
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person making the report;
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(ii) an authorization or approval of a specific extension of credit directly or indirectly by
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the issuer of a credit card or similar device; or
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(iii) a report in which a person who has been requested by a third party to make a specific
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extension of credit directly or indirectly to a consumer conveys a decision with respect to the
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request, if:
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(A) the third party advises the consumer of the name and address of the person to whom
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the request was made; and
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(B) the person makes the disclosures that must be made to the consumer pursuant to 15
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U.S.C. 1681m, in the event of adverse action as defined in 15 U.S.C. 1681a.
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(3) (a) "Consumer reporting agency" means any person which, for monetary fees, dues,
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or on a cooperative nonprofit basis, regularly engages in whole or in part in the practice of
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assembling or evaluating consumer credit information or other information on consumers for the
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purpose of furnishing consumer reports to third parties.
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(b) "Consumer reporting agency" does not mean any business entity that provides check
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verification or check guarantee services only.
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(4) (a) "Creditworthiness" means any entry in a consumer's file that impacts the ability of
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a consumer to obtain and retain:
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(i) credit;
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(ii) employment;
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(iii) business or professional licenses;
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(iv) investment opportunities; or
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(v) insurance.
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(b) An entry contained in a consumer file or in a consumer report that affects
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creditworthiness includes:
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(i) payment information;
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(ii) defaults;
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(iii) judgments;
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(iv) liens;
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(v) bankruptcies;
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(vi) collections;
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(vii) records of arrest and indictments; and
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(viii) multiple-credit inquiries.
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(5) "Disclosure copy" means the information required to be disclosed under 15 U.S.C.
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1681g.
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(6) "Employment purposes," when used in connection with a consumer report, means a
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report used for the purpose of evaluating a consumer for employment, promotion, reassignment,
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or retention as an employee.
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(7) "File" means all of the information on the consumer that is recorded and retained by
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a consumer reporting agency regardless of how the information is stored.
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Section 3.
Section
12-2-103
is enacted to read:
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12-2-103. Disclosures to consumers.
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(1) (a) At the request of a consumer, a consumer reporting agency shall provide the
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consumer with a disclosure copy of the consumer's file.
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(b) A consumer reporting agency may not charge a consumer for providing one disclosure
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copy of the consumer file in a 12-month period.
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(c) If the consumer requests more than one disclosure copy of the consumer's file in a
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12-month period, the consumer reporting agency may charge the consumer for each additional
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disclosure copy in accordance with 15 U.S.C. 1681j.
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(2) (a) If an event described in Subsection (2)(b) occurs within a 12-month period, a
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consumer reporting agency shall notify a consumer in writing sent by first-class mail:
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(i) that at the request of the consumer the consumer reporting agency shall provide the
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consumer with a disclosure copy of the consumer's file in accordance with Subsection (1); and
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(ii) of a toll-free telephone number to call to request a disclosure copy in accordance with
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Subsection (1).
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(b) A consumer reporting agency shall comply with Subsection (2)(a) if one of the
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following events occurs within a 12-month period:
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(i) the consumer reporting agency has received three credit inquiries pertaining to the
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consumer; or
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(ii) the consumer reporting agency has received a report that would add negative
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information to a consumer's file.
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(c) Notwithstanding Subsection (1)(a), if more than one event described in Subsection
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(1)(b) occurs in a 12-month period, the consumer reporting agency is only required to send one
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letter to the consumer within that 12-month period.
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(3) A written notification sent to a consumer in accordance with Subsection (2):
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(a) may not contain any identifying information particular to that consumer including:
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(i) social security number;
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(ii) place of employment;
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(iii) date of birth; or
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(iv) mother's maiden name; and
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(b) may be a form notification except that it shall state the type of event that occurred
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under Subsection (2)(b) relating to the consumer.
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Section 4.
Section
12-2-104
is enacted to read:
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12-2-104. Disputed information.
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(1) If the consumer directly notifies a consumer reporting agency that the consumer
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disputes the completeness or accuracy of any item of information contained in the consumer's file,
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in addition to any requirement under 15 U.S.C. 1681 through 1681t, the consumer reporting
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agency shall:
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(a) provide the consumer with the option of speaking directly to a representative of the
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consumer reporting agency to notify the consumer reporting agency of disputed information
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contained in the consumer's file; and
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(b) advise the consumer that if the consumer reporting agency revises the consumer file
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because of the dispute, the consumer may require the consumer reporting agency to send
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notification that a consumer's file has been revised to any person that:
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(i) is specified by the consumer; and
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(ii) requested the disputed information within 12 months before the date the consumer
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notified the consumer reporting agency of the dispute.
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(2) A consumer reporting agency shall provide the notice described in Subsection (1)(c)
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if requested by the consumer in accordance with Subsection (1)(c).
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(3) (a) If inaccurate information is reported by a person providing credit information to a
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consumer reporting agency, the consumer reporting agency shall permit that person to:
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(i) speak directly with a representative of the consumer reporting agency; or
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(ii) submit corrections to previously reported information by facsimile or other automated
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means.
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(b) Within five business days from the day the consumer reporting agency receives a
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correction by fax or automated information from the person who provided the credit information,
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the consumer reporting agency shall:
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(i) correct the information in the consumer's file; and
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(ii) if requested by the person who submitted the initial request for a correction, notify the
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person who submitted the initial request for a correction of the correction.
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(c) The credit information provider's community shall include information established by
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the consumer reporting agency that identifies the credit information provider as the credit
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information provider who provided the original inaccurate information.
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(d) This Subsection (3) does not prohibit a consumer reporting agency from correcting
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inaccurate information in a consumer's file or a consumer report at any time.
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(4) Nothing in this section shall be construed to require a person who obtains a consumer
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report for resale to alter or correct any inaccuracy in the consumer report if the consumer report
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was not assembled or prepared by that person.
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Section 5.
Section
12-2-105
is enacted to read:
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12-2-105. Violations.
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(1) A consumer reporting agency that willfully violates this chapter or 15 U.S.C. 1681c
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is liable for:
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(a) the greater of:
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(i) three times the amount of actual damages; or
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(ii) $1,000 for each inaccurate entry in the consumer's file that is disputed by the
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consumer;
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(b) reasonable attorney fees; and
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(c) costs.
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(2) (a) A consumer reporting agency is liable under Subsection (2)(b) if:
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(i) the consumer credit agency negligently violates:
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(A) this chapter; or
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(B) 15 U.S.C. 1681c; and
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(ii) within 30 days after receiving notice of the dispute from a consumer in accordance
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with Section
12-2-104
, the consumer reporting agency does not:
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(A) correct any inaccurate entry that is disputed; and
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(B) at the request of the consumer send written notice of the correction in accordance with
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Subsection
12-2-104
(2).
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(b) A consumer reporting agency described in Subsection (2)(b) is liable for:
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(i) the greater of:
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(A) actual damages; or
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(B) (I) if an inaccurate entry that is disputed by the consumer affects the consumer's
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creditworthiness, $1,000 for each inaccurate entry that is disputed by the consumer and affects the
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consumer's creditworthiness; or
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(II) if no inaccurate entry that is disputed by the consumer affects the consumer's
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creditworthiness, $1,000;
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(ii) reasonable attorney fees; and
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(iii) costs.
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(3) In addition to the damages assessed under Subsections (1) and (2), if ten days after the
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entry of any judgment for damages, any disputed inaccurate entry in the consumer's file is not
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corrected by the consumer reporting agency, the assessed damages shall be increased to $1,000 per
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day per inaccurate entry that remains in the consumer's file until the inaccurate entry is corrected.
Legislative Review Note
as of 2-15-00 1:42 PM
This legislation raises the following constitutional or statutory concerns:
This bill addresses required disclosures, resolution of disputes, and penalties related to consumer
credit information. The federal Fair Credit Reporting Act regulates credit reporting but generally
does not annual, alter, affect, or exempt any person from complying with state laws with respect
to the collection, distribution, or use of consumer credit information except to the extent that those
laws are inconsistent with the federal act. Moreover, the federal act specifically preempts state law
in some cases. In some circumstances courts have upheld state laws that provide greater protection
to consumers than the federal act. If challenged, a court would have to determine whether this bill
is inconsistent with the federal act and therefore preempted.